to be, is, equals

to be, is, am

As for... (highlights sentence topic), Topic marker used to indicate what the sentence is about, Marks the topic of the sentence, sometimes with contrast

also, too, as well

this (near the speaker), this thing, this one

that, that thing (near the listener), the thing referred to earlier

that (over there), that thing over there, that one over there

possessive marker, genitive marker of ownership, shows that something belongs to someone/something

Adjectives ending in い, Descriptive adjectives that end with い, Words that describe qualities and end with い

Adjectives that can function as nouns, Adjectives that are used like nouns when describing people or things, Names of quality that can modify nouns with な

question particle, end-of-sentence question marker, used to form yes-no questions or to express wondering

Subject marking particle, Identification/attributive marking in some contexts (as in 'X is Y')

Sentence-ending particle for emphasis, Adds assertion or emotional nuance to statements, Used when you want to make something feel more definite or reassuring

Isn't it?, Right?, You know?

polite form of ru-verbs, to conjugate ru-verbs into the ます form, usage: replace る with ます to make polite statements

Polite form of Godan verbs, Convert dictionary form to polite form, Plain to polite transformation for Godan verbs

Direct object marker, Marks the object of a verb, Indicates what is being acted upon

Polite verb ending, Masu-form ending, Polite form of verbs

Negating ru-verb in the present/future tense, Do/does not + verb (ru-verb), Will not + verb (ru-verb)

Will not do, Not do, Does not do (in present/future)