台風31号 日本の南を北へ進み、関東などで大雨に注意
EasyN4–N3Life in Japan1 min readPublished Nov 4, 2026
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EasyN4–N3Life in Japan1 min readPublished Nov 4, 2026
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Author: JLPTLab
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Words
LevelWord & meaningActions
- N5強いPopularstrong; potent; competent; domineering; tough; strong; brawny; powerful; healthy; rugged; good (at); skilled; knowledgeable; being able to handle; know how to deal (with); durable (against); resistant (to); resilient; firm; rigid; solid; intense; strong; fierce; high; dependable; trustworthy
- N4台風Populartyphoon; hurricane
- N1号Popularnumber; edition; make; model; issue; part of that group; sobriquet; pen-name; size (of printing types, canvases, knitting needles, etc.); suffix attached to names of ships, trains, airplanes, etc.
- N5がSubject marking particle; Identification/attributive marking in some contexts (as in 'X is Y')
- N3日本PopularJapan
- N5のpossessive marker in front of a noun; possessor + の + possessed noun (Noun+の+Noun); standalone possessive pronoun form (mine/yours) using の followed by だ/です; possessive marker; genitive marker of ownership; shows that something belongs to someone/something; the 's' possessive in Japanese; subject marker inside a noun-modifying (attributive) clause; replaces が in relative clauses (ga/no alternation, e.g. 彼の言うこと = 彼が言うこと); Noun1 の Noun2 where Noun1 describes Noun2 instead of owning it: place, time, kind, material or quantity (e.g. 大阪の会社, a company in Osaka; 7つの会社, seven companies)
- N5南Popularsouth
- —海上Popular(on the) sea; surface of the sea
- —をPopularindicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
- N5北Popularnorth; the North; northern territories; North Korea; north wind
- N5へtoward; to; in the direction of; heading for
- N4進むPopularto advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen; to heighten; to be fast (of a clock); to be ahead; to do of one's own free will
- N5ている④ongoing action: is doing, am/are doing; an action in progress at the time referred to
- N5ますPolite verb ending; Masu-form ending; Polite form of verbs
- —気象庁Popular(Japanese) Meteorological Agency; JMA
- N3によると・によればAccording to; As stated by; Per the source; Based on (what someone says)
- N5暖かいPopularwarm; mild; (pleasantly) hot; warm (of a colour); mellow; having enough money
- N2湿るPopularto become damp; to become moist; to become wet; to lack energy; to be in a slump; to be in low spirits; to feel depressed
- N5〜た・〜ている＋名詞Verb modifies noun; Relative clause: a verb phrase describing the noun that follows; Past or ongoing action describing the noun
- N4空気Popularair; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
- —流れ込むPopularto flow into; to pour into; to stream into
- —このためPopularbecause of this
- N2関東PopularKantō (region comprising Tokyo and surrounding prefectures); Kantō (eastern half of Japan; during the feudal era)
- N5やand things like that; and the like; and other things; items such as
- —伊豆Izu (former province located on the Izu Peninsula in present-day Shizuoka Prefecture, and the Izu Islands)
- —諸島Populararchipelago; group of islands
- N5でAt, in (location of where an action happens); By, with, using (means or method); Within, in (a span of time); With; By (using); Within a group or range, for comparisons and rankings (e.g. クラスで一番, the best in the class); In a state, manner or role (e.g. 一人で, alone; 先発で起用される, be used as a starter); Total, amount or price (e.g. 全部で, in total; 百円で, for 100 yen); Because of; reason or occasion (e.g. 風邪で休む, be absent with a cold; 仕事で大阪へ行く, go to Osaka for work); According to; source of information or standard used (e.g. 天気予報では, according to the weather forecast; 日本時間で, in Japan time)
- N5はAs for... (highlights sentence topic); Topic marker used to indicate what the sentence is about; Marks the topic of the sentence, sometimes with contrast
- —５日Popular5th day of the month; five days
- N3にかけてOver (a period); From ~ until; Throughout a span of time
- —大雨Popularheavy rain; torrential rainfall; downpour
- N5～になる・～くなるTo become (an adjective); To get to be; To grow into (an adjective)
- N4かもしれないmight; maybe; probably
- N4空港Popularairport
- N5時間Populartime; hour; period; class; lesson
- N1ミリPopularmilli-; 10^-3; millimetre; millimeter
- N5雨Popularrain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
- N5降るPopularto fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down; to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in; to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.); to come; to arrive
- —土砂災害landslide disaster; sediment disaster
- N2に気をつけるTake care; Be careful; Pay attention; Make sure; Watch out
- N4十分Popularenough; sufficient; plenty; adequate; satisfactory; sufficiently; fully; thoroughly; well; perfectly; division into ten
- —ように言うto tell (someone) to ...
- N5ている①general ている: an action or state continuing at the time referred to; ongoing action: is doing; resulting state: remains in the state after a change; habitual or repeated action: does regularly
- N3川Popularriver; stream; River; the ... river
- N5水Popularwater (esp. cool or cold); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout; break granted to wrestlers engaged in a prolonged bout
- N4増えるPopularto increase; to multiply
- N4ことTurning a verb into a noun; the act of verb-ing; Nominalizing a verb to talk about the action itself; The abstract or general idea of doing the verb
- N5風Popularwind; breeze; draught; draft; manner; behaviour; behavior; cold; influenza
- N5にto indicate location/time/destination; to indicate the indirect object/recipient; to indicate purpose or goal in simple contexts; Target of a verb or adjective: what an action, feeling or attitude is directed at (e.g. 雨に注意する, watch out for rain; 時間にルーズ, careless about time; 規格に合う, meet the standard); Agent: the person made, allowed or asked to do something, or by whom something is done (causative, passive, 〜てほしい; e.g. 弟に食べさせる, make my brother eat; 先生に叱られる, be scolded by the teacher); The person who can or cannot perceive, understand or do something (e.g. 私には分からない, I don't understand; 君にしか見えない, only you can see it); Turns a noun into an adverb of manner, order or rank (e.g. 個別に, individually; 2番目に早い, the second earliest)
- N5もalso; too; as well; even; either; neither; Question word + も: every, all, both (e.g. どのケーキも, every cake; どちらも, both)
- N5てくださいPlease do this (polite request); Could you please do ...; Please give me ...; I'd like you to do ... (polite)