如何

How something happens or is determined is described using how-to (如何によって) and its variations. This is a literary/archaic/formal expression influenced by classical Chinese usage. It typically appears in written Japanese, in formal essays, academic writing, or historical texts. It means “depending on how” or “by means of the way.” The construction emphasizes that the outcome or situation changes according to the method, condition, or manner described in the clause preceding it. In modern everyday language, speakers often use more natural equivalents like どのようにして or どうすれば, but 如何によって appears in formal contexts or when aiming for a literary tone. Typical nuances include dependence on method, conditions, or actions.