N557/133

る-Verb (Negative-Past)

る-Verb + なかった

Meanings

  • Past negative form of ru-verbs
  • did not do (a ru-verb) in the past
  • was not doing or did not do in the past (ru-verb)

About this pattern

Explanation

This is the plain past negative form for ru-verbs. To conjugate, drop the final る from the dictionary form and add なかった. Use this to say that you did not do something with ru-verbs in the past. It is informal/current casual speech; for polite past negative, use ませんでした or ませんでした.

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Example sentences

昼ごはんは食べなかった。

I didn't eat lunch.

昨夜は早く眠らなかった。

I didn’t sleep early last night.

今日は新しい服を着なかった。

I didn’t wear new clothes today.

眠る

-

Related patterns

だ

to be; is; equals; identifies as

です

to be; is; am; used to state something politely

は

As for... (highlights sentence topic); Topic marker used to indicate what the sentence is about; Marks the topic of the sentence, sometimes with contrast

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More N5 patterns

だ

to be; is; equals; identifies as

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です

to be; is; am; used to state something politely

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は

As for... (highlights sentence topic); Topic marker used to indicate what the sentence is about; Marks the topic of the sentence, sometimes with contrast

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も

also; too; as well; even; either; neither

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これ

this (near the speaker); this thing; this one

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それ

that; that thing (near the listener); the thing referred to earlier

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