る-Verb (Dictionary)

Ru-verbs (る-verbs) are a regular group of Japanese verbs that end with る in their dictionary form. To speak politely, you replace the final る with ます. This is the standard polite form used in everyday conversation, especially with people you are not on familiar terms with or in formal settings. The stem is obtained by removing the final る, and then you attach ます. The rest of the verb conjugations (past, negative, etc.) follow the same stem pattern. Common ru-verbs include 寝る (to sleep), 起きる (to wake up), 着る (to wear), 食べる (to eat), 借りる (to borrow). Typical contexts include telling someone your routine, making polite statements, or giving simple information about actions.