か

か is a question marker used to turn statements into questions, or to present options. It marks uncertainty or inquiry about something, and in spoken Japanese it's common to concatenate two options with かか to express “A or B.” It also means “whether” in more formal or indirect contexts, especially when paired with どうか or かどうか. In N5, you’ll see か used after verbs, nouns, and adjectives in simple questions, as well as in AかBか constructions for choosing between two possibilities.