連用形
JLPT Level: N3
Meanings
formal conjunctive form used to connect clauses
the stem form used to attach auxiliary/auxiliary-like endings in formal styles
conjunctive form for linking verbs and adjectives in written or polite contexts
Usage
動詞の連用形 + ます
動詞の連用形 + て
形容詞の連用形 + く
形容動詞の連用形 + に
動詞の連用形を使って連結する文
Explanation
連用形 is the stem form used to connect the main clause to subsequent phrases or endings in formal or written Japanese. It is the form you use before attaching auxiliary verbs (like ます, たい, た) or before linking clauses in a sequence. It often appears in writing, formal speech, or when creating a smooth, continuous sequence of actions. The 連用形 is not a standalone verb form in itself; it is a connective stem that enables various constructions. In everyday conversation it also appears in slightly more formal or literary styles. Typical choices include using the 連用形 of verbs to attach ます for politeness, or using く/に to connect adjectives and na-adjectives in a sequence.
彼は本を読み、メモを取った。
かれはほんをよみ、メモをとった。
He read a book and took notes.
手紙を書き、ポストに投函した。
てがみをかき、ポストにとうかんした。
I wrote a letter and dropped it in the mailbox.
花は美しく咲き、春を告げる。
はなはうつくしくさき、はるをつげる。
The flowers bloom beautifully, announcing spring.
静かに話し、みんなは耳を傾けた。
しずかにはなし、みんなはみみをかたむけた。
They spoke quietly, and everyone listened.
彼は静かな部屋で集中して作業した。
かれはしずかなへやでしゅうちゅうしてさぎょうした。
He concentrated on his work in a quiet room.