は

は is the topic marker. It introduces what the sentence is about and sets the context or theme. It often has a neutral or contrastive nuance: the part before は is the topic, not necessarily the subject performing the action. In everyday speech, it’s used to shift focus to a subject you’re talking about, compare with other topics, or present a general comment about that topic. Unlike subject markers, は emphasizes topic relevance and often signals what comes next is about that topic.