な
JLPT Level: N5
Meanings
Don't do something
Prohibitive imperative
Do not (casual prohibition)
Usage
Verb (dictionary form) + な
Explanation
The particle/ending な attached to the dictionary form of a verb is a casual, masculine-protective prohibition. It means 'Don’t do X' and is used for direct admonitions or short commands directed at someone. It is common in conversation among friends, family, or peers and can sound strong or blunt, so use with care. It is not used in polite or formal contexts (use ないでください or 〜てはいけません instead). Note that this form is limited to verbs; it does not apply to adjectives or nouns as-is.
ここでたばこを吸うな。
ここでたばこをすうな。
Don’t smoke here.
行くな。教室を出るな。
いくな。きょうしつをでるな。
Don’t go. Don’t leave the classroom.
財布を机の上に置くな。
さいふをつくえのうえにおくな。
Don't place your wallet on the desk.
静かにしろ。大声で話すな。
しずかにしろ。おおごえではなすな。
Be quiet. Don’t talk loudly.
幽霊の話を信じるな。
ゆうれいのはなしをしんじるな。
Don’t believe tales of ghosts.