だった・でした
Meanings
- was or were (past tense of copula)
- past form of 'to be' for nouns/na-adjectives
- casual past: was/were
- polite past: was/were
About this pattern
Explanation
だ is the copula meaning ‘to be’ used with nouns and na-adjectives. In the past tense, だった is the plain past form and でした is the polite past form. Use だった after plain statements in casual speech, and でした in polite or formal contexts. Note that i-adjectives do not take だった; their past plain form is 〜かった (e.g., 大きい → 大きかった). The choice between だった and でした depends on level of politeness and the relationship with the listener.
Learn in context
Example sentences
I was a student.
She was a teacher.
The weather was sunny.
Today was quiet.
Was that shop cheap? No, it wasn’t cheap.
This room was spacious.
Keep studying
More N5 patterns
to be; is; equals; identifies as
View detailsto be; is; am; used to state something politely
View detailsAs for... (highlights sentence topic); Topic marker used to indicate what the sentence is about; Marks the topic of the sentence, sometimes with contrast
View detailsalso; too; as well; even; either; neither
View detailsthis (near the speaker); this thing; this one
View detailsthat; that thing (near the listener); the thing referred to earlier
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