N564/133

い-Adjective (Predicate)

い-Adjective + ですい-Adjective (plain form) + です/ませんです is not used; plain predicate often ends without です in casual Speech?Past: い-Adjective + かったですNegative present: い-Adjective + くないですPast negative: い-Adjective + くなかったです

Meanings

  • Describing a subject with an i-adjective using the predicative form
  • Stating a property about something politely or in plain form
  • Expressing present state or general truth with an i-adjective as the predicate

About this pattern

Explanation

This point shows how to use i-adjectives to describe the subject as a predicate. In polite speech, attach です to the i-adjective stem (drop い and add いです? The correct form is directly the i-adjective stem followed by です, e.g., 暑いです). In casual speech, the plain form serves as the predicate (e.g., 暑い). You can also form past and negative predicates by changing to the appropriate endings.

Learn in context

Example sentences

今日は暑いです。

It is hot today.

今日は寒いです。

It is cold today.

それは高いです。

That is expensive.

暑くないです。

It is not hot.

暑かったです。

It was hot.

今日は寒くないです。

It is not cold today.