として

として is used to indicate the role, position, identity, or standpoint from which something is done or judged. It highlights how something is regarded or what function something serves. It can mean "as" in the sense of being in a particular role, or "for the sake of/for the purpose of" when something is done from that standing. It often translates to "as" or "in the capacity of" in English. Common uses: - Role or identity: 人として, 学生として, 先生として働く → to work as a person, a student, a teacher - Modifier before another noun: 学生としての責任 → the responsibilities as a student - From a particular perspective or standard: 大人としては, 専門家としては → as an adult, as an expert - With は/も for contrast or emphasis: 彼は先生としては厳しいが、友人としては優しい → He is strict as a teacher, but kind as a friend Notes: - For verbs, the action is framed from the standpoint of doing something in the chosen role often using the plain form before として (e.g., 医者として働く = work as a doctor). - Do not confuse with ために, which indicates purpose rather than a role or stance.