JLPT Level: N4
Meanings

When/at the moment

Whenever

As soon as

And (connecting nouns)

Conditional: if/when a situation occurs (natural consequence)

Usage

Verb (dictionary form) + と

い-adjective dictionary form + と

な-adjective + な + だ + と / noun + だ + と

Noun + と(and = listing)

Quote complement: ~と言う/~と思う(quotative usage)

Explanation
と has several core functions at this level. 1) Time/condition connector: after the plain form of verbs or adjectives, it marks that the main clause happens when or as a result of the preceding clause. It often describes natural or automatic results. 2) Listing connector: used to join two nouns or noun phrases to mean “A and B.” 3) Quotation marker: attaches to the content of speech or thought when indicating what someone said or thought. In most N4 contexts you’ll see the first two functions most often. The key nuance is that と indicates a direct, natural sequence or a simple, tight connection, rather than a fully hypothetical or conditional mood. Remember that the timing/condition sense tends to imply a sense of inevitability or routine, whereas そして or それから would be used for sequencing actions with more emphasis on narrative flow.
雨が降ると試験は中止になる。
あめがふるとしけんはちゅうしになる。

If it rains, the exam is canceled.

夏になると冷たい飲み物が欲しくなる。
なつになるとつめたいのみものがほしくなる。

When summer comes, I want cold drinks.

朝起きるとコーヒーを飲む。
あさおきるとコーヒーをのむ。

When I wake up in the morning, I drink coffee.

リンゴとバナナを買った。
りんごとばななをかった。

I bought apples and bananas.

彼は『はい、喜んで。』と言った。
かれは『はい、よろこんで。』といった。

He said, “Yes, with pleasure.”