N5110/133

なくてはならない

V-なくてはならないNの/な形容詞 + なくてはならない

Meanings

  • Must do
  • Have to do
  • Essential to do

About this pattern

Explanation

なくてはならない expresses a strong obligation or necessity: you must do something, often because of rules, responsibilities, or personal commitment. It sounds formal or written, and is commonly used in writing, announcements, or polite conversation. It emphasizes that not doing it would be unacceptable or have negative consequences. Note that the verb before なくて is in the て-form negative (undoing the action) + はならない, but in practice you translate as 'must' or 'have to'. Typical contexts include duties, deadlines, promises, or requirements one cannot ignore.

Learn in context

Example sentences

宿題をしなくてはならない。

I must do my homework.

約束を守らなくてはならない。

I have to keep my promise.

今日は早く出発しなくてはならない。

I have to leave early today.

この薬を飲まなくてはならない。

I must take this medicine.

彼女に連絡しなくてはならない。

I have to contact her.