なくして(は)
Meanings
- Without
- If not for
- In the absence of
- Without X, Y cannot be done
About this pattern
Explanation
なくしては is used to express that something is impossible or highly difficult to achieve without another element. It marks a condition that must be met for a situation to occur, often highlighting necessity, dependency, or an unavoidable consequence. The nuance is stronger than a simple 'without' and is commonly used in formal or expressive Japanese to emphasize how crucial something is for a result or situation.
Learn in context
Example sentences
This contract cannot be concluded without your consent.
Without a friend's help, the project won't be completed.
Without his cooperation, this plan probably can't be realized.
Without life, there is no meaning.
Keep studying
More N1 patterns
from ... to ...; from start to finish; up to and including
View detailsNo matter how ~, it won't change the outcome; Even if ~, the result is still unlikely; Even though ~, it doesn't matter; it's futile to ~
View detailslike; similar to; as if; the same as
View detailsto be worthy of; to be enough for; to be sufficient
View detailsextreme; extremely; unbearably; to an extreme degree
View detailsEven though; Even if; Although; Despite
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